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零相频下离子导体的焦耳加热及其电解反应抑制 Letter

石磊, 韩宗益, 冯逸轩, 张长庚, 张祺, 朱贺, 朱世平

《工程（英文）》 2023年第25卷第6期页码 138-143 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.004

摘要：

It is well known that heat is generated when an electric current passes through an electrical conductor. While various applications in our daily lives and industries utilize the heating of electronic conductors, little attention has been paid to the potential of ionic conductors for heating purposes. This is because of the “inevitable” electrochemical reactions, which can result in unwanted electrolysis of conductors, corrosion of electrodes, and surface fouling. This paper reports the Joule heating of ionic conductors without electrochemical reactions. Electricity with a zero-phase frequency is employed to suppress the electrolysis of ionic conductors at high voltages. Demonstrations with various ionic conductors, both liquids and solids, show highly efficient energy conversion free of electrochemical reactions. This heating method is simple, direct, fast, clean, and uniform, and it has great potential in numerous industrial and household applications.

关键词： Joule heating Ionic conductors Electrolytes Zero-phase frequency Electrochemical corrosion

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Ion beam figuring of continuous phase plates based on the frequency filtering process

Mingjin XU,Yifan DAI,Xuhui XIE,Lin ZHOU,Shengyi LI,Wenqiang PENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第1期页码 110-115 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0430-5

摘要：

Ion beam figuring (IBF) technology is an effective technique for fabricating continuous phase plates (CPPs) with small feature structures. This study proposes a multi-pass IBF approach with different beam diameters based on the frequency filtering method to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency of CPPs during IBF. We present the selection principle of the frequency filtering method, which incorporates different removal functions that maximize material removal over the topographical frequencies being imprinted. Large removal functions are used early in the fabrication to figure the surface profile with low frequency. Small removal functions are used to perform final topographical correction with higher frequency and larger surface gradient. A high-precision surface can be obtained as long as the filtering frequency is suitably selected. This method maximizes the high removal efficiency of the large removal function and the high corrective capability of the small removal function. Consequently, the fast convergence of the machining accuracy and efficiency can be achieved.

关键词： ion beam figuring (IBF) continuous phase plates (CPPs) machining accuracy machining efficiency frequency filtering process

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偏振模色散对高速光码的影响

饶敏,孙小菡,张明德

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第11期页码 67-70

摘要：

研究一阶、二阶偏振模色散（PMD）对10 Gb/s和40 Gb/s的光传输系统性能的影响，考虑PMD的统计特性，基于基本偏振态（PSP）理论数值模拟了非归零码（NRZ）和归零码（RZ）在传输过程中产生的脉冲畸变以及系统Q值的变化。结果表明，传输速率越高PMD对系统性能的影响越显著，二阶PMD也将不可忽略。另外，RZ码传输性能明显优于NRZ码并且可通过预啁啾进行改善。

关键词：偏振模色散（PMD）非归零码（NRZ）归零码（RZ）频率啁啾

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基于二维非周期相位调制的步进线性调频成像雷达干扰方法 Research Article

吴其华,赵锋,赵铁华,刘晓斌,王俊杰,肖顺平

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第3期页码 433-446 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200298

摘要：步进线性调频雷达信号可以通过多个窄带子线性调频脉冲合成的方式获取目标高分辨图像。由于步进线性调频雷达信号对雷达瞬时带宽要求较低，已成为最常用的宽带雷达波形之一。本文针对步进线性调频成像雷达对抗问题，提出一种基于二维非周期相位调制的雷达干扰方法。所提方法利用非周期相位调制产生高水平旁瓣的独特特性，可在雷达图像上形成沿距离向与方位向二维分布的压制性干扰，从而使得目标无法被有效识别。在此基础上，讨论了编码码元宽度与占空比等不同调制参数对干扰特性的影响，并进一步给出相应干扰参数设计准则。最后，通过雅克-42飞机数据仿真以及实测无人机数据实验证明所提干扰方法的有效性。

关键词：雷达干扰；步进线性调频信号；非周期相位调制；宽带雷达

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Remediation of arsenic contaminated soil by sulfidated zero-valent iron

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1377-z

摘要：

• Sulfidation significantly enhanced As(V) immobilization in soil by zerovalent iron.

关键词： Soil As(V) Sulfidation Zero-valent iron Magnetic separation

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Effects of different types of biochar on the properties and reactivity of nano zero-valent iron in soil

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1388-4

摘要：

• Biochar enhanced the mobility and stability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron Biochar BDE209 Transport Soil

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Degradation of chlorinated phenols by nanoscale zero-valent iron

CHENG Rong, WANG Jianlong, ZHANG Weixian

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 103-108 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0009-9

摘要： Chlorophenols (CPs), as important contaminants in groundwater, are toxic and difficult to biodegrade. Recently nanoscale zero-valent iron received a great deal of attention because of its excellent performance in treating recalcitrant compounds. In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron particles were prepared using chemical reduction, and the reductive transformations of three kinds of chlorinated phenols (2-CP, 3-CP, and 4-CP) by nanoscale zero-valent iron under different conditions were investigated. The transformation process of the CPs was shown to be dechlorination first, then cleavage of the benzene ring. The removal efficiency of the CPs varied as follows: 2-CP > 3-CP > 4-CP. The reactivity of CPs was associated with their energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (). With the increase in initial concentrations of CPs, removal efficiency decreased a little. But the quantities of CPs reduced increased evidently. Temperature had influence on not only the removal efficiency, but also the transformation pathway. At higher temperatures, dechlorination occurred prior to benzene ring cleavage. At lower temperatures, however, the oxidation product was formed more easily.

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Study on the Path of “Near-zero Emission” Coal-based Clean Energy Ecosystem Development

Zhang Yu-zhuo

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 37-41 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014007

摘要： Developing a "near-zero emission" coal-based clean energy ecosystem bears great significance for the sustainable development of clean energy in China and the world at large. This article delves into the development strategy, implementation pathways and key priorities of China's "near-zero emission" coal-based clean energy ecosystem, and in turn proposes specific measures to underpin the development and implementation of such system.

关键词： near-zero emission clean energy ecosystem study on the path

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生物质制备纳米零价铁生物炭的铁相转移和原位还原机制 Article

卓胜男, 任宏宇, 谢国俊, 邢德峰, 刘冰峰

《工程（英文）》 2023年第21卷第2期页码 124-134 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.012

摘要：

纳米零价铁生物炭（nZVI-BC）作为一种由废弃生物质制备的环境友好型材料，可有效解决生物质转化和环境污染问题。然而，复杂的生物质/生物炭改性过程阻碍了它们的进一步生产和应用。在本研究中，一种绿色溶剂聚乙二醇400（PEG400）被引入FeCl₃⋅6H₂O改性水稻秸秆（RS）的反应体系中，改性后的RS通过一步热解法被转化为nZVI-BC。PEG400 的添加促进了铁离子的水解并改善了RS的表面结构，有利于Fe₂O₃附着到RS表面。在60 ℃、80 ℃、100 ℃和0.5 h 的改性条件下，RS中木质素组分损失不多，有利于高温热解过程中碳骨架的形成。Fe₂O₃在热解产生的还原气体和无定形碳的帮助下被还原，最终形成nZVI-BC。将该方法制备的nZVI-BC 用于染料刚果红的催化高级氧化去除，结果表明，nZVI-BC 具有快速的吸附能力（5 min 时吸附效果为70.6%）和高效的催化降解能力（60 min 时催化降解90%）。本研究为nZVI-BC的制备提供了一种新的策略，为其规模化生产和应用奠定了基础。

关键词：生物质转化纳米零价铁生物炭原位热解铁相转移

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Nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on biochar for the highly efficient removal of nitrobenzene

Gaoling Wei, Jinhua Zhang, Jinqiu Luo, Huajian Xue, Deyin Huang, Zhiyang Cheng, Xinbai Jiang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1142-3

摘要：

• Biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composite (nZVI/BC) was synthesized.

• nZVI/BC quickly and efficiently removed nitrobenzene (NB) in solution.

• NB removal by nZVI/BC involves simultaneous adsorption and reduction mechanism.

• nZVI/BC exhibited better catalytic activity, stability and durability than nZVI.

关键词： Biochar Nanoscale zero-valent iron Nitrobenzene Reduction Adsorption Synergistic effec

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分层空时码多载波CDMA的译码与检测

杨洁,酆广增

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第1期页码 58-62

摘要：

研究V－BLAST MIMO MC－CDMA下行系统。提出了一种对每个子载波进行V－BLAST译码的非线性算法，对不同天线数、用户数情况进行了系统的仿真和分析，并对V－BLAST译码的线性和非线性算法进行了系统仿真比较。

关键词：多输入多输出正交频分复用分层空时码迫零算法最小均方误差

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Cation exchange resin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron for removal of phosphorus in rainwater runoff

XIE Bangmi,ZUO Jiane,GAN Lili,LIU Fenglin,WANG Kaijun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 463-470 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0575-3

摘要： Self-made cation exchange resin supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (R-nZVI) was used to remove phosphorus in rainwater runoff. 80% of phosphorus in rainwater runoff from grassland was removed with an initial concentration of 0.72 mg·L phosphorus when the dosage of R-nZVI is 8 g per liter rainwater, while only 26% of phosphorus was removed when using cation exchange resin without supported nanoscale zero-valent iron under the same condition. The adsorption capacity of R-nZVI increased up to 185 times of that of the cation exchange resin at a saturated equilibrium phosphorous concentration of 0.42 mg·L . Various techniques were implemented to characterize the R-nZVI and explore the mechanism of its removal of phosphate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that new crystal had been formed on the surface of R-nZVI. The result from inductive coupled plasma (ICP) indicated that 2.1% of nZVI was loaded on the support material. The specific surface area was increased after the load of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), according to the measurement of BET-N method. The result of specific surface area analysis also proved that phosphorus was removed mainly through chemical adsorption process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that the new product obtained from chemical reaction between phosphate and iron was ferrous phosphate.

关键词： nanoscale zero-valent iron(R-nZVI) cation exchange resin rainwater runoff phosphorus adsorption

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A compound load simulator based on zero-torsion parallel mechanisms

Jingjun YU, Wei LI, Xu PEI, Shusheng BI, Guanghua ZONG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第1期页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0306-7

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Immobilization of nano-zero-valent irons by carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals for wastewater remediation

Bangxian Peng, Rusen Zhou, Ying Chen, Song Tu, Yingwu Yin, Liyi Ye

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第6期页码 1006-1017 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1924-y

摘要： Nano-zero-valent irons (nZVI) have shown great potential to function as universal and low-cost magnetic adsorbents. Yet, the rapid agglomeration and easy surface corrosion of nZVI in solution greatly hinders their overall applicability. Here, carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNC), widely available from renewable biomass resources, were prepared and applied for the immobilization of nZVI. In doing so, carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals supporting nano-zero-valent irons (CCNC-nZVI) were obtained via an growth method. The CCNC-nZVI were characterized and then evaluated for their performances in wastewater treatment. The results obtained show that nZVI nanoparticles could attach to the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of CCNC, and well disperse on the CCNC surface with a size of ~10 nm. With the CCNC acting as corrosion inhibitors improving the reaction activity of nZVI, CCNC-nZVI exhibited an improved dispersion stability and electron utilization efficacy. The Pb(II) adsorption capacity of CCNC-nZVI reached 509.3 mg·g (298.15 K, pH= 4.0), significantly higher than that of CCNC. The adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process and could be perfectly fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. This study may provide a novel and green method for immobilizing magnetic nanomaterials by using biomass-based resources to develop effective bio-adsorbents for wastewater decontamination.

关键词： carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals nano-zero-valent irons magnetic bio-adsorbents wastewater remediation

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Enhanced debromination of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by zero-valent zinc with ascorbic

Chaojin Jiang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Lixun Zhang, Yuntao Guan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1224-2

摘要： Highly efficient debromination of BDE-47 was achieved in the ZVZ/AA system. BDE-47 debromination by the ZVZ/AA can be applied to a wide range of pH. AA inhibits the formation of (hydr)oxide and accelerates the corrosion of ZVZ. Reduction mechanism of BDE-47 debromination by the ZVZ/AA system was proposed. A new technique of zero-valent zinc coupled with ascorbic acid (ZVZ/AA) was developed and applied to debrominate the 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), which achieved high conversion and rapid debromination of BDE-47 to less- or non-toxic forms. The reaction conditions were optimized by the addition of 100 mg/L ZVZ particles and 3 mmol/L AA at original solution pH= 4.00 using the solvent of methanol/H2O (v:v= 4:6), which could convert approximately 94% of 5 mg/L BDE-47 into lower-brominated diphenyl ethers within a 90 min at the ZVZ/AA system. The high debromination of BDE-47 was mainly attributed to the effect of AA that inhibits the formation of Zn(II)(hydr)oxide passivation layers and promotes the corrosion of ZVZ, which leads to increase the reactivity of ZVZ. Additionally, ion chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses revealed that bromine ion and lower-debromination diphenyl ethers formed during the reduction of BDE-47. Furthermore, based on the generation of the intermediates products, and its concentration changes over time, it was proposed that the dominant pathway for conversion of BDE-47 was sequential debromination and the final products were diphenyl ethers. These results suggested that the ZVZ/AA system has the potential for highly efficient debromination of BDE-47 from wastewater.

关键词： 2 2′ 4 4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) Ascorbic acid Reductive debromination Zero-valent zinc